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    1/*  Part of SWI-Prolog
    2
    3    Author:        Jan Wielemaker
    4    E-mail:        J.Wielemaker@vu.nl
    5    WWW:           http://www.swi-prolog.org
    6    Copyright (c)  2014-2023, VU University Amsterdam
    7                              CWI, Amsterdam
    8                              SWI-Prolog Solutions b.v.
    9    All rights reserved.
   10
   11    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   12    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   13    are met:
   14
   15    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   16       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   17
   18    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   19       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
   20       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
   21       distribution.
   22
   23    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
   24    "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
   25    LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
   26    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   27    COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
   28    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
   29    BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
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   31    CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   32    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
   33    ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
   34    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   35*/
   36
   37:- module(pengines_io,
   38          [ pengine_writeln/1,          % +Term
   39            pengine_nl/0,
   40            pengine_tab/1,
   41            pengine_flush_output/0,
   42            pengine_format/1,           % +Format
   43            pengine_format/2,           % +Format, +Args
   44
   45            pengine_write_term/2,       % +Term, +Options
   46            pengine_write/1,            % +Term
   47            pengine_writeq/1,           % +Term
   48            pengine_display/1,          % +Term
   49            pengine_print/1,            % +Term
   50            pengine_write_canonical/1,  % +Term
   51
   52            pengine_listing/0,
   53            pengine_listing/1,          % +Spec
   54            pengine_portray_clause/1,   % +Term
   55
   56            pengine_read/1,             % -Term
   57            pengine_read_line_to_string/2, % +Stream, -LineAsString
   58            pengine_read_line_to_codes/2, % +Stream, -LineAsCodes
   59
   60            pengine_io_predicate/1,     % ?Head
   61            pengine_bind_io_to_html/1,  % +Module
   62            pengine_io_goal_expansion/2,% +Goal, -Expanded
   63
   64            message_lines_to_html/3     % +Lines, +Classes, -HTML
   65          ]).   66:- autoload(library(apply),[foldl/4,maplist/3,maplist/4]).   67:- autoload(library(backcomp),[thread_at_exit/1]).   68:- use_module(library(debug),[assertion/1]).   69:- autoload(library(error),[must_be/2]).   70:- autoload(library(listing),[listing/1,portray_clause/1]).   71:- autoload(library(lists),[append/2,append/3,subtract/3]).   72:- autoload(library(option),[option/3,merge_options/3]).   73:- autoload(library(pengines),
   74	    [ pengine_self/1,
   75	      pengine_output/1,
   76	      pengine_input/2,
   77	      pengine_property/2
   78	    ]).   79:- autoload(library(prolog_stream),[open_prolog_stream/4]).   80:- autoload(library(readutil),[read_line_to_string/2]).   81:- autoload(library(http/term_html),[term/4]).   82
   83:- use_module(library(yall),[(>>)/4]).   84:- use_module(library(http/html_write),[html/3,print_html/1, op(_,_,_)]).   85:- use_module(library(settings),[setting/4,setting/2]).   86
   87:- use_module(library(sandbox), []).   88:- autoload(library(thread), [call_in_thread/2]).   89
   90:- html_meta send_html(html).   91:- public send_html/1.   92
   93:- meta_predicate
   94    pengine_format(+,:).

Provide Prolog I/O for HTML clients

This module redefines some of the standard Prolog I/O predicates to behave transparently for HTML clients. It provides two ways to redefine the standard predicates: using goal_expansion/2 and by redefining the system predicates using redefine_system_predicate/1. The latter is the preferred route because it gives a more predictable trace to the user and works regardless of the use of other expansion and meta-calling.

Redefining works by redefining the system predicates in the context of the pengine's module. This is configured using the following code snippet.

:- pengine_application(myapp).
:- use_module(myapp:library(pengines_io)).
pengines:prepare_module(Module, myapp, _Options) :-
      pengines_io:pengine_bind_io_to_html(Module).

Using goal_expansion/2 works by rewriting the corresponding goals using goal_expansion/2 and use the new definition to re-route I/O via pengine_input/2 and pengine_output/1. A pengine application is prepared for using this module with the following code:

:- pengine_application(myapp).
:- use_module(myapp:library(pengines_io)).
myapp:goal_expansion(In,Out) :-
      pengine_io_goal_expansion(In, Out).

*/

  129:- setting(write_options, list(any), [max_depth(1000)],
  130           'Additional options for stringifying Prolog results').  131
  132
  133                 /*******************************
  134                 *            OUTPUT            *
  135                 *******************************/
 pengine_writeln(+Term)
Emit Term as <span class=writeln>Term<br></span>.
  141pengine_writeln(Term) :-
  142    pengine_output,
  143    !,
  144    pengine_module(Module),
  145    send_html(span(class(writeln),
  146                   [ \term(Term,
  147                           [ module(Module)
  148                           ]),
  149                     br([])
  150                   ])).
  151pengine_writeln(Term) :-
  152    writeln(Term).
 pengine_nl
Emit a <br/> to the pengine.
  158pengine_nl :-
  159    pengine_output,
  160    !,
  161    send_html(br([])).
  162pengine_nl :-
  163    nl.
 pengine_tab(+N)
Emit N spaces
  169pengine_tab(Expr) :-
  170    pengine_output,
  171    !,
  172    N is Expr,
  173    length(List, N),
  174    maplist(=(&(nbsp)), List),
  175    send_html(List).
  176pengine_tab(N) :-
  177    tab(N).
 pengine_flush_output
No-op. Pengines do not use output buffering (maybe they should though).
  185pengine_flush_output :-
  186    pengine_output,
  187    !.
  188pengine_flush_output :-
  189    flush_output.
 pengine_write_term(+Term, +Options)
Writes term as <span class=Class>Term</span>. In addition to the options of write_term/2, these options are processed:
class(+Class)
Specifies the class of the element. Default is write.
  199pengine_write_term(Term, Options) :-
  200    pengine_output,
  201    !,
  202    option(class(Class), Options, write),
  203    pengine_module(Module),
  204    send_html(span(class(Class), \term(Term,[module(Module)|Options]))).
  205pengine_write_term(Term, Options) :-
  206    write_term(Term, Options).
 pengine_write(+Term) is det
 pengine_writeq(+Term) is det
 pengine_display(+Term) is det
 pengine_print(+Term) is det
 pengine_write_canonical(+Term) is det
Redirect the corresponding Prolog output predicates.
  216pengine_write(Term) :-
  217    pengine_write_term(Term, [numbervars(true)]).
  218pengine_writeq(Term) :-
  219    pengine_write_term(Term, [quoted(true), numbervars(true)]).
  220pengine_display(Term) :-
  221    pengine_write_term(Term, [quoted(true), ignore_ops(true)]).
  222pengine_print(Term) :-
  223    current_prolog_flag(print_write_options, Options),
  224    pengine_write_term(Term, Options).
  225pengine_write_canonical(Term) :-
  226    pengine_output,
  227    !,
  228    with_output_to(string(String), write_canonical(Term)),
  229    send_html(span(class([write, cononical]), String)).
  230pengine_write_canonical(Term) :-
  231    write_canonical(Term).
 pengine_format(+Format) is det
 pengine_format(+Format, +Args) is det
As format/1,2. Emits a series of strings with <br/> for each newline encountered in the string.
To be done
- : handle ~w, ~q, etc using term//2. How can we do that??
  241pengine_format(Format) :-
  242    pengine_format(Format, []).
  243pengine_format(Format, Args) :-
  244    pengine_output,
  245    !,
  246    format(string(String), Format, Args),
  247    split_string(String, "\n", "", Lines),
  248    send_html(\lines(Lines, format)).
  249pengine_format(Format, Args) :-
  250    format(Format, Args).
  251
  252
  253                 /*******************************
  254                 *            LISTING           *
  255                 *******************************/
 pengine_listing is det
 pengine_listing(+Spec) is det
List the content of the current pengine or a specified predicate in the pengine.
  263pengine_listing :-
  264    pengine_listing(_).
  265
  266pengine_listing(Spec) :-
  267    pengine_self(Module),
  268    with_output_to(string(String), listing(Module:Spec)),
  269    split_string(String, "", "\n", [Pre]),
  270    send_html(pre(class(listing), Pre)).
  271
  272pengine_portray_clause(Term) :-
  273    pengine_output,
  274    !,
  275    with_output_to(string(String), portray_clause(Term)),
  276    split_string(String, "", "\n", [Pre]),
  277    send_html(pre(class(listing), Pre)).
  278pengine_portray_clause(Term) :-
  279    portray_clause(Term).
  280
  281
  282                 /*******************************
  283                 *         PRINT MESSAGE        *
  284                 *******************************/
  285
  286:- multifile user:message_hook/3.
 user:message_hook(+Term, +Kind, +Lines) is semidet
Send output from print_message/2 to the pengine. Messages are embedded in a <pre class=msg-Kind></pre> environment.
  293user:message_hook(Term, Kind, Lines) :-
  294    Kind \== silent,
  295    pengine_self(_),
  296    atom_concat('msg-', Kind, Class),
  297    message_lines_to_html(Lines, [Class], HTMlString),
  298    (   source_location(File, Line)
  299    ->  Src = File:Line
  300    ;   Src = (-)
  301    ),
  302    pengine_output(message(Term, Kind, HTMlString, Src)).
 message_lines_to_html(+MessageLines, +Classes, -HTMLString) is det
Helper that translates the Lines argument from user:message_hook/3 into an HTML string. The HTML is a <pre> object with the class 'prolog-message' and the given Classes.
  310message_lines_to_html(Lines, Classes, HTMlString) :-
  311    phrase(html(pre(class(['prolog-message'|Classes]),
  312                    \message_lines(Lines))), Tokens),
  313    with_output_to(string(HTMlString), print_html(Tokens)).
  314
  315message_lines([]) -->
  316    !.
  317message_lines([nl|T]) -->
  318    !,
  319    html('\n'),                     % we are in a <pre> environment
  320    message_lines(T).
  321message_lines([flush]) -->
  322    !.
  323message_lines([ansi(Attributes, Fmt, Args)|T]) -->
  324    !,
  325    {  is_list(Attributes)
  326    -> foldl(style, Attributes, Fmt-Args, HTML)
  327    ;  style(Attributes, Fmt-Args, HTML)
  328    },
  329    html(HTML),
  330    message_lines(T).
  331message_lines([url(Pos)|T]) -->
  332    !,
  333    location(Pos),
  334    message_lines(T).
  335message_lines([url(HREF, Label)|T]) -->
  336    !,
  337    html(a(href(HREF),Label)),
  338    message_lines(T).
  339message_lines([H|T]) -->
  340    html(H),
  341    message_lines(T).
  342
  343location(File:Line:Column) -->
  344    !,
  345    html([File, :, Line, :, Column]).
  346location(File:Line) -->
  347    !,
  348    html([File, :, Line]).
  349location(File) -->
  350    html([File]).
  351
  352style(bold, Content, b(Content)) :- !.
  353style(fg(default), Content, span(style('color: black'), Content)) :- !.
  354style(fg(Color), Content, span(style('color:'+Color), Content)) :- !.
  355style(_, Content, Content).
  356
  357
  358                 /*******************************
  359                 *             INPUT            *
  360                 *******************************/
  361
  362pengine_read(Term) :-
  363    pengine_input,
  364    !,
  365    prompt(Prompt, Prompt),
  366    pengine_input(Prompt, Term).
  367pengine_read(Term) :-
  368    read(Term).
  369
  370pengine_read_line_to_string(From, String) :-
  371    pengine_input,
  372    !,
  373    must_be(oneof([current_input,user_input]), From),
  374    (   prompt(Prompt, Prompt),
  375        Prompt \== ''
  376    ->  true
  377    ;   Prompt = 'line> '
  378    ),
  379    pengine_input(_{type: console, prompt:Prompt}, StringNL),
  380    string_concat(String, "\n", StringNL).
  381pengine_read_line_to_string(From, String) :-
  382    read_line_to_string(From, String).
  383
  384pengine_read_line_to_codes(From, Codes) :-
  385    pengine_read_line_to_string(From, String),
  386    string_codes(String, Codes).
  387
  388
  389                 /*******************************
  390                 *             HTML             *
  391                 *******************************/
  392
  393lines([], _) --> [].
  394lines([H|T], Class) -->
  395    html(span(class(Class), H)),
  396    (   { T == [] }
  397    ->  []
  398    ;   html(br([])),
  399        lines(T, Class)
  400    ).
 send_html(+HTML) is det
Convert html//1 term into a string and send it to the client using pengine_output/1.
  407send_html(HTML) :-
  408    phrase(html(HTML), Tokens),
  409    with_output_to(string(HTMlString), print_html(Tokens)),
  410    pengine_output(HTMlString).
 pengine_module(-Module) is det
Module (used for resolving operators).
  417pengine_module(Module) :-
  418    pengine_self(Pengine),
  419    !,
  420    pengine_property(Pengine, module(Module)).
  421pengine_module(user).
  422
  423                 /*******************************
  424                 *        OUTPUT FORMAT         *
  425                 *******************************/
 pengines:event_to_json(+Event, -JSON, +Format, +VarNames) is semidet
Provide additional translations for Prolog terms to output. Defines formats are:
'json-s'
Simple or string format: Prolog terms are sent using quoted write.
'json-html'
Serialize responses as HTML string. This is intended for applications that emulate the Prolog toplevel. This format carries the following data:
data
List if answers, where each answer is an object with
variables
Array of objects, each describing a variable. These objects contain these fields:
  • variables: Array of strings holding variable names
  • value: HTML-ified value of the variables
  • substitutions: Array of objects for substitutions that break cycles holding:
    • var: Name of the inserted variable
    • value: HTML-ified value
residuals
Array of strings representing HTML-ified residual goals.
  454:- multifile
  455    pengines:event_to_json/3.
 pengines:event_to_json(+PrologEvent, -JSONEvent, +Format, +VarNames)
If Format equals 'json-s' or 'json-html', emit a simplified JSON representation of the data, suitable for notably SWISH. This deals with Prolog answers and output messages. If a message originates from print_message/3, it gets several additional properties:
message:Kind
Indicate the kind of the message (error, warning, etc.)
location:_237108{ch:CharPos, file:File, line:Line}
If the message is related to a source location, indicate the file and line and, if available, the character location.
  472pengines:event_to_json(success(ID, Answers0, Projection, Time, More), JSON,
  473                       'json-s') :-
  474    !,
  475    JSON0 = json{event:success, id:ID, time:Time, data:Answers, more:More},
  476    maplist(answer_to_json_strings(ID), Answers0, Answers),
  477    add_projection(Projection, JSON0, JSON).
  478pengines:event_to_json(output(ID, Term), JSON, 'json-s') :-
  479    !,
  480    map_output(ID, Term, JSON).
  481
  482add_projection([], JSON, JSON) :- !.
  483add_projection(VarNames, JSON0, JSON0.put(projection, VarNames)).
 answer_to_json_strings(+Pengine, +AnswerDictIn, -AnswerDict)
Translate answer dict with Prolog term values into answer dict with string values.
  491answer_to_json_strings(Pengine, DictIn, DictOut) :-
  492    dict_pairs(DictIn, Tag, Pairs),
  493    maplist(term_string_value(Pengine), Pairs, BindingsOut),
  494    dict_pairs(DictOut, Tag, BindingsOut).
  495
  496term_string_value(Pengine, N-V, N-A) :-
  497    with_output_to(string(A),
  498                   write_term(V,
  499                              [ module(Pengine),
  500                                quoted(true)
  501                              ])).
 pengines:event_to_json(+Event, -JSON, +Format, +VarNames)
Implement translation of a Pengine event to json-html format. This format represents the answer as JSON, but the variable bindings are (structured) HTML strings rather than JSON objects.

CHR residual goals are not bound to the projection variables. We hacked a bypass to fetch these by returning them in a variable named _residuals, which must be bound to a term '$residuals'(List). Such a variable is removed from the projection and added to residual goals.

  515pengines:event_to_json(success(ID, Answers0, Projection, Time, More),
  516                       JSON, 'json-html') :-
  517    !,
  518    JSON0 = json{event:success, id:ID, time:Time, data:Answers, more:More},
  519    maplist(map_answer(ID), Answers0, ResVars, Answers),
  520    add_projection(Projection, ResVars, JSON0, JSON).
  521pengines:event_to_json(output(ID, Term), JSON, 'json-html') :-
  522    !,
  523    map_output(ID, Term, JSON).
  524
  525map_answer(ID, Bindings0, ResVars, Answer) :-
  526    dict_bindings(Bindings0, Bindings1),
  527    select_residuals(Bindings1, Bindings2, ResVars, Residuals0, Clauses),
  528    append(Residuals0, Residuals1),
  529    prolog:translate_bindings(Bindings2, Bindings3, [], Residuals1,
  530                              ID:Residuals-_HiddenResiduals),
  531    maplist(binding_to_html(ID), Bindings3, VarBindings),
  532    final_answer(ID, VarBindings, Residuals, Clauses, Answer).
  533
  534final_answer(_Id, VarBindings, [], [], Answer) :-
  535    !,
  536    Answer = json{variables:VarBindings}.
  537final_answer(ID, VarBindings, Residuals, [], Answer) :-
  538    !,
  539    residuals_html(Residuals, ID, ResHTML),
  540    Answer = json{variables:VarBindings, residuals:ResHTML}.
  541final_answer(ID, VarBindings, [], Clauses, Answer) :-
  542    !,
  543    clauses_html(Clauses, ID, ClausesHTML),
  544    Answer = json{variables:VarBindings, wfs_residual_program:ClausesHTML}.
  545final_answer(ID, VarBindings, Residuals, Clauses, Answer) :-
  546    !,
  547    residuals_html(Residuals, ID, ResHTML),
  548    clauses_html(Clauses, ID, ClausesHTML),
  549    Answer = json{variables:VarBindings,
  550                  residuals:ResHTML,
  551                  wfs_residual_program:ClausesHTML}.
  552
  553residuals_html([], _, []).
  554residuals_html([H0|T0], Module, [H|T]) :-
  555    term_html_string(H0, [], Module, H, [priority(999)]),
  556    residuals_html(T0, Module, T).
  557
  558clauses_html(Clauses, _ID, HTMLString) :-
  559    with_output_to(string(Program), list_clauses(Clauses)),
  560    phrase(html(pre([class('wfs-residual-program')], Program)), Tokens),
  561    with_output_to(string(HTMLString), print_html(Tokens)).
  562
  563list_clauses([]).
  564list_clauses([H|T]) :-
  565    (   system_undefined(H)
  566    ->  true
  567    ;   portray_clause(H)
  568    ),
  569    list_clauses(T).
  570
  571system_undefined((undefined :- tnot(undefined))).
  572system_undefined((answer_count_restraint :- tnot(answer_count_restraint))).
  573system_undefined((radial_restraint :- tnot(radial_restraint))).
  574
  575dict_bindings(Dict, Bindings) :-
  576    dict_pairs(Dict, _Tag, Pairs),
  577    maplist([N-V,N=V]>>true, Pairs, Bindings).
  578
  579select_residuals([], [], [], [], []).
  580select_residuals([H|T], Bindings, Vars, Residuals, Clauses) :-
  581    binding_residual(H, Var, Residual),
  582    !,
  583    Vars = [Var|TV],
  584    Residuals = [Residual|TR],
  585    select_residuals(T, Bindings, TV, TR, Clauses).
  586select_residuals([H|T], Bindings, Vars, Residuals, Clauses) :-
  587    binding_residual_clauses(H, Var, Delays, Clauses0),
  588    !,
  589    Vars = [Var|TV],
  590    Residuals = [Delays|TR],
  591    append(Clauses0, CT, Clauses),
  592    select_residuals(T, Bindings, TV, TR, CT).
  593select_residuals([H|T0], [H|T], Vars, Residuals, Clauses) :-
  594    select_residuals(T0, T, Vars, Residuals, Clauses).
  595
  596binding_residual('_residuals' = '$residuals'(Residuals), '_residuals', Residuals) :-
  597    is_list(Residuals).
  598binding_residual('Residuals' = '$residuals'(Residuals), 'Residuals', Residuals) :-
  599    is_list(Residuals).
  600binding_residual('Residual'  = '$residual'(Residual),   'Residual', [Residual]) :-
  601    callable(Residual).
  602
  603binding_residual_clauses(
  604    '_wfs_residual_program' = '$wfs_residual_program'(Delays, Clauses),
  605    '_wfs_residual_program', Residuals, Clauses) :-
  606    phrase(delay_list(Delays), Residuals).
  607
  608delay_list(true) --> !.
  609delay_list((A,B)) --> !, delay_list(A), delay_list(B).
  610delay_list(M:A) --> !, [M:'$wfs_undefined'(A)].
  611delay_list(A) --> ['$wfs_undefined'(A)].
  612
  613add_projection(-, _, JSON, JSON) :- !.
  614add_projection(VarNames0, ResVars0, JSON0, JSON) :-
  615    append(ResVars0, ResVars1),
  616    sort(ResVars1, ResVars),
  617    subtract(VarNames0, ResVars, VarNames),
  618    add_projection(VarNames, JSON0, JSON).
 binding_to_html(+Pengine, +Binding, -Dict) is det
Convert a variable binding into a JSON Dict. Note that this code assumes that the module associated with Pengine has the same name as the Pengine. The module is needed to
Arguments:
Binding- is a term binding(Vars,Term,Substitutions)
  629binding_to_html(ID, binding(Vars,Term,Substitutions), JSON) :-
  630    JSON0 = json{variables:Vars, value:HTMLString},
  631    binding_write_options(ID, Options),
  632    term_html_string(Term, Vars, ID, HTMLString, Options),
  633    (   Substitutions == []
  634    ->  JSON = JSON0
  635    ;   maplist(subst_to_html(ID), Substitutions, HTMLSubst),
  636        JSON = JSON0.put(substitutions, HTMLSubst)
  637    ).
  638
  639binding_write_options(Pengine, Options) :-
  640    (   current_predicate(Pengine:screen_property/1),
  641        Pengine:screen_property(tabled(true))
  642    ->  Options = []
  643    ;   Options = [priority(699)]
  644    ).
 term_html_string(+Term, +VarNames, +Module, -HTMLString, +Options) is det
Translate Term into an HTML string using the operator declarations from Module. VarNames is a list of variable names that have this value.
  653term_html_string(Term, Vars, Module, HTMLString, Options) :-
  654    setting(write_options, WOptions),
  655    merge_options(WOptions,
  656                  [ quoted(true),
  657                    numbervars(true),
  658                    module(Module)
  659                  | Options
  660                  ], WriteOptions),
  661    phrase(term_html(Term, Vars, WriteOptions), Tokens),
  662    with_output_to(string(HTMLString), print_html(Tokens)).
 binding_term(+Term, +Vars, +WriteOptions)// is semidet
Hook to render a Prolog result term as HTML. This hook is called for each non-variable binding, passing the binding value as Term, the names of the variables as Vars and a list of options for write_term/3. If the hook fails, term//2 is called.
Arguments:
Vars- is a list of variable names or [] if Term is a residual goal.
  674:- multifile binding_term//3.  675
  676term_html(Term, Vars, WriteOptions) -->
  677    { nonvar(Term) },
  678    binding_term(Term, Vars, WriteOptions),
  679    !.
  680term_html(Undef, _Vars, WriteOptions) -->
  681    { nonvar(Undef),
  682      Undef = '$wfs_undefined'(Term),
  683      !
  684    },
  685    html(span(class(wfs_undefined), \term(Term, WriteOptions))).
  686term_html(Term, _Vars, WriteOptions) -->
  687    term(Term, WriteOptions).
 subst_to_html(+Module, +Binding, -JSON) is det
Render a variable substitution resulting from term factorization, in this case breaking a cycle.
  694subst_to_html(ID, '$VAR'(Name)=Value, json{var:Name, value:HTMLString}) :-
  695    !,
  696    binding_write_options(ID, Options),
  697    term_html_string(Value, [Name], ID, HTMLString, Options).
  698subst_to_html(_, Term, _) :-
  699    assertion(Term = '$VAR'(_)).
 map_output(+ID, +Term, -JSON) is det
Map an output term. This is the same for json-s and json-html.
  706map_output(ID, message(Term, Kind, HTMLString, Src), JSON) :-
  707    atomic(HTMLString),
  708    !,
  709    JSON0 = json{event:output, id:ID, message:Kind, data:HTMLString},
  710    pengines:add_error_details(Term, JSON0, JSON1),
  711    (   Src = File:Line,
  712        \+ JSON1.get(location) = _
  713    ->  JSON = JSON1.put(_{location:_{file:File, line:Line}})
  714    ;   JSON = JSON1
  715    ).
  716map_output(ID, Term, json{event:output, id:ID, data:Data}) :-
  717    (   atomic(Term)
  718    ->  Data = Term
  719    ;   is_dict(Term, json),
  720        ground(json)                % TBD: Check proper JSON object?
  721    ->  Data = Term
  722    ;   term_string(Term, Data)
  723    ).
 prolog_help:show_html_hook(+HTML)
Hook into help/1 to render the help output in the SWISH console.
  730:- multifile
  731    prolog_help:show_html_hook/1.  732
  733prolog_help:show_html_hook(HTML) :-
  734    pengine_output,
  735    pengine_output(HTML).
  736
  737
  738                 /*******************************
  739                 *          SANDBOXING          *
  740                 *******************************/
  741
  742:- multifile
  743    sandbox:safe_primitive/1,       % Goal
  744    sandbox:safe_meta/2.            % Goal, Called
  745
  746sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_listing(_)).
  747sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_nl).
  748sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_tab(_)).
  749sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_flush_output).
  750sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_print(_)).
  751sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_write(_)).
  752sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_read(_)).
  753sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_read_line_to_string(_,_)).
  754sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_read_line_to_codes(_,_)).
  755sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_write_canonical(_)).
  756sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_write_term(_,_)).
  757sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_writeln(_)).
  758sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_writeq(_)).
  759sandbox:safe_primitive(pengines_io:pengine_portray_clause(_)).
  760sandbox:safe_primitive(system:write_term(_,_)).
  761sandbox:safe_primitive(system:prompt(_,_)).
  762sandbox:safe_primitive(system:statistics(_,_)).
  763
  764sandbox:safe_meta(pengines_io:pengine_format(Format, Args), Calls) :-
  765    sandbox:format_calls(Format, Args, Calls).
  766
  767
  768                 /*******************************
  769                 *         REDEFINITION         *
  770                 *******************************/
 pengine_io_predicate(?Head)
True when Head describes the head of a (system) IO predicate that is redefined by the HTML binding.
  777pengine_io_predicate(writeln(_)).
  778pengine_io_predicate(nl).
  779pengine_io_predicate(tab(_)).
  780pengine_io_predicate(flush_output).
  781pengine_io_predicate(format(_)).
  782pengine_io_predicate(format(_,_)).
  783pengine_io_predicate(read(_)).
  784pengine_io_predicate(read_line_to_string(_,_)).
  785pengine_io_predicate(read_line_to_codes(_,_)).
  786pengine_io_predicate(write_term(_,_)).
  787pengine_io_predicate(write(_)).
  788pengine_io_predicate(writeq(_)).
  789pengine_io_predicate(display(_)).
  790pengine_io_predicate(print(_)).
  791pengine_io_predicate(write_canonical(_)).
  792pengine_io_predicate(listing).
  793pengine_io_predicate(listing(_)).
  794pengine_io_predicate(portray_clause(_)).
  795
  796term_expansion(pengine_io_goal_expansion(_,_),
  797               Clauses) :-
  798    findall(Clause, io_mapping(Clause), Clauses).
  799
  800io_mapping(pengine_io_goal_expansion(Head, Mapped)) :-
  801    pengine_io_predicate(Head),
  802    Head =.. [Name|Args],
  803    atom_concat(pengine_, Name, BodyName),
  804    Mapped =.. [BodyName|Args].
  805
  806pengine_io_goal_expansion(_, _).
  807
  808
  809                 /*******************************
  810                 *      REBIND PENGINE I/O      *
  811                 *******************************/
  812
  813:- public
  814    stream_write/2,
  815    stream_read/2,
  816    stream_close/1.  817
  818:- thread_local
  819    pengine_io/2.  820
  821stream_write(Stream, Out) :-
  822    (   pengine_io(_,_)
  823    ->  send_html(pre(class(console), Out))
  824    ;   current_prolog_flag(pengine_main_thread, TID),
  825        thread_signal(TID, stream_write(Stream, Out))
  826    ).
  827stream_read(Stream, Data) :-
  828    (   pengine_io(_,_)
  829    ->  prompt(Prompt, Prompt),
  830        pengine_input(_{type:console, prompt:Prompt}, Data)
  831    ;   current_prolog_flag(pengine_main_thread, TID),
  832        call_in_thread(TID, stream_read(Stream, Data))
  833    ).
  834stream_close(_Stream).
 pengine_bind_user_streams
Bind the pengine user I/O streams to a Prolog stream that redirects the input and output to pengine_input/2 and pengine_output/1. This results in less pretty behaviour then redefining the I/O predicates to produce nice HTML, but does provide functioning I/O from included libraries.
  844pengine_bind_user_streams :-
  845    Err = Out,
  846    open_prolog_stream(pengines_io, write, Out, []),
  847    set_stream(Out, buffer(line)),
  848    open_prolog_stream(pengines_io, read,  In, []),
  849    set_stream(In,  alias(user_input)),
  850    set_stream(Out, alias(user_output)),
  851    set_stream(Err, alias(user_error)),
  852    set_stream(In,  alias(current_input)),
  853    set_stream(Out, alias(current_output)),
  854    assertz(pengine_io(In, Out)),
  855    thread_self(Me),
  856    thread_property(Me, id(Id)),
  857    set_prolog_flag(pengine_main_thread, Id),
  858    thread_at_exit(close_io).
  859
  860close_io :-
  861    retract(pengine_io(In, Out)),
  862    !,
  863    close(In, [force(true)]),
  864    close(Out, [force(true)]).
  865close_io.
 pengine_output is semidet
 pengine_input is semidet
True when output (input) is redirected to a pengine.
  872pengine_output :-
  873    current_output(Out),
  874    pengine_io(_, Out).
  875
  876pengine_input :-
  877    current_input(In),
  878    pengine_io(In, _).
 pengine_bind_io_to_html(+Module)
Redefine the built-in predicates for IO to send HTML messages using pengine_output/1.
  886pengine_bind_io_to_html(Module) :-
  887    forall(pengine_io_predicate(Head),
  888           bind_io(Head, Module)),
  889    pengine_bind_user_streams.
  890
  891bind_io(Head, Module) :-
  892    prompt(_, ''),
  893    redefine_system_predicate(Module:Head),
  894    functor(Head, Name, Arity),
  895    Head =.. [Name|Args],
  896    atom_concat(pengine_, Name, BodyName),
  897    Body =.. [BodyName|Args],
  898    assertz(Module:(Head :- Body)),
  899    compile_predicates([Module:Name/Arity])